PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.